How many different diabetes are there

After these beta cells are destroyed, the body is unable to produce insulin. It may have something to do with genetic and environmental factors, such as exposure to viruses. Research into autoimmune diseases is ongoing.

People with type 2 diabetes have insulin resistance. Other genetic and environmental factors may also play a role. When you develop type 2 diabetes, your pancreas will try to compensate by producing more insulin. Because your body is unable to effectively use insulin, glucose will accumulate in your bloodstream. Ninety to 95 percent of people with diabetes have type 2.

About Among those 65 years old and older, the rate reaches Only 25 out of every 10, Americans under 20 years old had been diagnosed with diabetes in Men and women get diabetes at roughly the same rate. However, prevalence rates are higher among certain races and ethnicities.

American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and Mexican Americans have the highest prevalence of diabetes among both men and women. In general, Black and Hispanic populations have higher rates of diabetes than non-Hispanic whites or non-Hispanic Asians. Among non-Hispanic Asian Americans, people with Asian Indian ancestry have higher rates of diabetes than people with Chinese or Filipino ancestry.

The primary test used to diagnose both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is known as the A1C, or glycated hemoglobin, test. This blood test determines your average blood sugar level for the past 2 to 3 months. Your doctor may draw your blood or give you a small finger prick. The higher your blood sugar levels have been over the past few months, the higher your A1C level will be.

Test results are expressed as a percentage. An A1C level of 6. If you have this condition or trait, then your doctor will have to use a different test. Some people take injections into soft tissue, such as the stomach, arm, or buttocks, several times per day. Other people use insulin pumps. Insulin pumps supply a steady amount of insulin into the body through a small tube. Blood sugar testing is an essential part of managing type 1 diabetes, because levels can go up and down quickly.

Type 2 diabetes can be managed and even reversed with diet and exercise alone, but many people need extra support. The research was led by Prof.

In the United States alone, around Excluding gestational diabetes — diabetes that develops during pregnancy — there are two main types: type 1 and type 2. In type 1 diabetes , the beta cells of the pancreas — which produce insulin , the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels — are mistakingly attacked and destroyed by the immune system.

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form, accounting for around 90—95 percent of all cases. In both forms of the condition, blood sugar levels can become too high — a condition known as hyperglycemia.

Unless controlled, this can lead to a number of complications, including kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and nerve damage. When it comes to determining which type of diabetes a person has, healthcare professionals might look for diabetes-related autoantibodies in the blood.

The presence of such autoantibodies is an indicator of type 1 diabetes. If a person does not have these autoantibodies, they are considered to have type 2 diabetes. But, as Prof. Groop and colleagues note, the classification guidelines for diabetes have not been updated for 20 years — despite increasing evidence that diabetes has high heterogeneity. In their study, the researchers propose that diabetes should no longer be categorized as two types.

Instead, they say that the condition should be classified into five distinct types. The researchers came to their proposal by analyzing the data of four study cohorts.

These included a total of 14, adults from Sweden and Finland, all of whom had been newly diagnosed with diabetes. As part of the analysis, the scientists looked at six measures in each subject that each represent different features of diabetes.

There are different types of insulin available with different times of onset, peak, and duration. Insulin is injected just under the skin. Your doctor will show you how to properly inject and rotate injection sites.

You can also use an insulin pump, which is a device worn outside your body that can be programmed to release a specific dose.

There are now continuous blood glucose monitors as well that check your sugar 24 hours a day. If necessary, you may also need to take medication to control cholesterol, high blood pressure, or other complications.

Type 2 diabetes is managed with diet and exercise, and can also be treated with a variety of medications to help control blood sugar. The first-line medication is usually metformin Glumetza, Glucophage, Fortamet, Riomet. This drug helps your body use insulin more effectively. You may also need medications to help control blood pressure and cholesterol. If you had gestational diabetes or have prediabetes, these habits can delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.

It requires lifelong disease management. But with consistent monitoring and adherence to treatment, you may be able to avoid more serious complications of the disease. If you work closely with your doctor and make good lifestyle choices, type 2 diabetes can often be successfully managed. If you have gestational diabetes, chances are it will resolve after your baby is born though you do have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.

Your stress levels can affect your diabetes. Learn how this happens and what you can do about it. Diabetic neuropathy is a serious but common complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes that usually develops gradually, over many years. Learn about…. Foods and drinks to avoid with diabetes can range from white rice to flavored coffee. Learn about others, how they affect your health, and more. Diabetes is more prevalent in certain racial and ethnic groups, including Black Americans.

This may be due to genetic, social, and health factors. NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that helps keep your blood sugar stable between meals or overnight.

Learn more about how long it takes…. Human insulin is synthetically made in a lab and is able to replicate the insulin naturally found in your body. Learn more about the pros and cons of….

An insulin pump is an alternative to giving yourself multiple daily insulin injections.