What makes up the filum terminale

Two different hormones stimulate the growth and the texture of the Filum terminale slows it down. This produces a mechanical conflict which, in extreme cases, translates into the Filum Disease. The filum terminale Fig. It is made up of fibrous tissue that continues with that of the pia mater and surrounded by the dura mater until its insertion at S2. There are some nervous filaments that are adhered to its external surface.

The central canal of the spinal cord extends cm into the interior of the filum terminale. Our English Department is at your disposal to help you with your enquiries.

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Conclusions The authors found previously undescribed smooth-muscle cells within the FTE. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Article Information.

Contributor Notes Address reprint requests to: R. Shane Tubbs, Ph. Keywords: sacrum ; extradural ; spinal cord ; terminal filum Page Count: 4. Export References. Perspect Pediatr Pathol 3: 9—56, false. Indian J Pathol Microbiol —, false. J Pediatr Surg 49—52, false. J Anat —, Gamble HJ : Electron microscope observations upon the conus medullaris and filum terminal of human fetuses. J Anat —, false.

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PubMed Citation Articles by R. The most common causes of conus medullaris syndrome include spinal fracture, disc herniation, tumors, trauma, and collection of pus in the epidural space due to infection epidural abscess. Conus medullaris syndrome is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment to preserve leg function. An abnormal filum terminale can alter the stability of the conus medullaris and prevent its normal movement in the spinal canal.

This condition is called tethered cord syndrome and causes the spinal cord to get abnormally stretched, especially during actions such as spinal flexion bending forward. While this condition is typically identified during periods of rapid growth in adolescence, the symptoms may not occur until adulthood.

Common causes of tethered cord syndrome are split spinal cord diastematomyelia , spinal cord lining problems dermal sinuses , and lumps of fatty tissue in the spinal cord region lipomas. Compression of the cauda equina within the lumbar cistern can cause serious symptoms in the lower body. The condition is called cauda equina syndrome and presents with the following signs and symptoms 4 :.

Cauda equina syndrome can present in 2 ways: acute onset, where the symptoms and signs occur rapidly, and insidious onset, where the condition begins as lower back pain and slowly progresses to bowel and urinary incontinence. Read more about Cauda Equina Syndrome Symptoms. Cauda equina syndrome is most commonly caused by compression from a lumbar herniated disc. Compression may also occur due to tumors, cysts, stenosis abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal , or trauma. Cauda equina syndrome is a medical emergency.

Immediate treatment is crucial for the prevention of paralysis and preservation of leg function. Read more about Causes of Cauda Equina Syndrome. If any of these spinal cord related problems are suspected, it is advisable to consult a doctor immediately. Spinal cord disorders may be treated nonsurgically or surgically depending on the cause and the overall health of the patient.

The prognosis increases significantly when treated early. Cauda Equina Syndrome Symptoms. Treatments for Cauda Equina Syndrome. Causes of Cauda Equina Syndrome.